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Effective management of biological waste
Petříčková, Alena ; Ferdan, Tomáš (referee) ; Gregor, Jiří (advisor)
Theoretical part of present study gives a comprehensive overview of the methods used for the disposal of biodegradable waste with emphasis placed on highly effective techniques. Composting process is studied in detail and machinery used is thoroughly described. Acquired information from extensive research was applied to create a model of composting plant. Operation manual for this specific model forms part of the study. Afterwards various decomposing scenarios are analyzed and their economic sustainability is evaluated.
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Biodegradable waste
Dřímal, Jiří ; Niesner, Jakub (referee) ; Beňo, Zdeněk (advisor)
The goal of this bachelor is introduction with the issue of using biodegradable waste (BDW) in the EU. The introductory chapters are focused on the description of the different types of BDW. There are described ways of processing of this waste and their use. The emphasis is on mapping the current condition of treatment of biodegradable waste with it in the EU and the CR.
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Legislature of the waste disposal and utilization of biodegradable materials
Pešl, Milan ; Pěček, Jan (referee) ; Beňo, Zdeněk (advisor)
The aim of this work is to give information about the issue of legislation of disposal and reuse of biodegradable waste. Legislation in the field of bio-waste in the Czech Republic and the EU is grouped into various laws and guidelines which describe particular conditions of the dumping of wastes, their subsequent processing and reuse. In this work, the definition of BDW, its composition and the current state of dealing with this type of waste in the EU and the Czech Republic is mentioned. Different methods of processing biodegradable waste, which include incineration, composting and anaerobic digestion, their advantages and disadvantages are described in this work. There are also introduced examples of BDW in the EU and the Czech Republic there.
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Biogas technologies
Martanová, Iveta ; Jecha, David (referee) ; Beňo, Zdeněk (advisor)
This bachelor's work deals with technology of conception and production of biogas from biodegradable waste. In the introductory part there is elaboration of biogas facts, the principle of biogas origin and the usage of biogas in practice. The main part is dedicated to individual technology of the biogas production. There are descriptions of technological equipment for gas producing and descriptions of individual methods of waste processing indicating their advantages and disadvantages.
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Composting in the Czech Republic
Glombová, Pavla ; Horák, Marek (referee) ; Hluštík, Petr (advisor)
The aim of bachelor thesis is a description of the issue related to biological disposing of degradable waste by composting. It is concerned by the most important valid laws in this field, by technologies of composting and by the facilities used to dispose these waste – by composting facilities. In the practical part there is a compiled database of composting facilities in the Czech Republic, sorted by the regions. Their basic data are included (operator, address, website, contact information, capacity, used technology, amount of compost production, its price and utilization, accepted waste, used machinery and equipment, the year of commissioning, intensification).
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Utilization of biodegradable waste
Švec, Jan ; Pěček, Jan (referee) ; Beňo, Zdeněk (advisor)
The aim of this paper is to summarize the current situation of the problem using biodegradable waste. The introductory chapters deal with descriptions of different types of biodegradable waste. The main part describes ways of handling this waste. For various types of waste are listed by their most appropriate treatment and further use. Emphasis is placed on legislation dealing with that waste legislation on the processing equipment.
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Compost heating system for the hot water preparation
Dokoupilová, Bára ; Baxant, Petr (referee) ; Bajko, Jaroslav (advisor)
Using energy that is generated during decomposition processes in organic matter, is the fundamental theme of this thesis. While the following research succeeds to present the possibility of heat recovery using a compost heater, it also introduces composting in the context of ecology and global warming. The work analyses biochemical processes taking place in the decomposition of biomass, and explains the thermomechanical principles of heat transfer in the compost heater. The aim of the practical section of this work is to evaluate the measured data and verify the functionality of the compost heater assembled in the pilot experiment. The results confirm the compost heater is able to deliver the required power. However, its lifetime is closely dependent on the conditions of the compost environment. A key factor is not only a suitably chosen mixture for composting but also its thermal insulation. In the final section, examples of specific case studies based on the use of biomass for energy purposes, are presented.
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Combined heat and biogas production using a bioreactor
Novák, David ; Radil, Lukáš (referee) ; Baxant, Petr (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with the bioreactor system and its use for the production of heat and biogas. The bioreactor uses the composting and metanogation process of fermentation that humanity has known for hundreds of years, but the combination of these processes is a relatively unexplored area. The theoretical part of the thesis analyzes the existing possibilities of utilization of the heat generated in the compost, and also describes the used technology of small biogas stations and other small systems for biogas production. It follows the practical part of the work, when it was the task to design a bioreactor working at low temperatures during the winter. Part of the solution is the initial design and testing of the basic test structure of the bioreactor, followed by the implementation of a more advanced and more complex system, including a control and measuring center realized by a microcontroller.
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Projective space
Štuříková, Blanka ; Zein, Lynda (referee) ; Kristek, Jan (advisor)
The design of the cemetery is based on the findings of the project Projective Space, which analyzes the memories of individuals of their spatial experiences that evoked emotions. Spatial collage as a method of creating an environment which, due to its ambiguity, allows individual interpretation by an individual person and evokes memories, is applied to the design of a cemetery for human composting. After the complete transformation of human remains into fertile land, the grave becomes useless. The dead lose their posthumous address. From a cultural point of view, however, the ritual of burial and the symbolic, mental value of the cemetery play an important role for the relatives in coping with the loss of their beloved. The design works with the culturally conditioned idea of the cemetery as an image of the world. With the disappearance of tombstones and urns, we abandon the concept of a cemetery - the city of the dead and reinterpret it as a cemetery - a landscape made of the dead. Remains in the form of fertile soil become material for modeling of the biodiverse terrain of the cultural landscape, a place that resonates with life.
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Bioreactor monitoring and control for optimal heat gain
Hujňák, Jan ; Bajko, Jaroslav (referee) ; Baxant, Petr (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with thermal energy generation in biodegradation processes, monitoring and control of these processes. In the theoretical part, it gives a brief overview of biodegradation processes, then focuses only on processes in which waste heat is produced. Mainly it focuses on the composting process, its stage, the ideal composition of the composting material, the composting methods, the control quantities and the metering devices. The practical part focuses on the improvement of the original bioreactor and the subsequent realization of the new bioreactor. The bioreactor is subsequently monitored using temperature sensors that describe the ongoing processes inside the compost using measured temperatures. The aim of the bachelor thesis is to connect the bioreactor with yurt, to realize thermal circulation and to control this circulation through the AMiNi system in order to achieve optimal heat recovery without negative effects on the course of biodegradation processes inside the bioreactor.
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